Monday, 24 November 2014

WATCHING THE IMITATION GAME



The cinema-goer realises he read Alan Hodges' book on Alan Turing, the University of Cambridge and British Military Intelligence mathematician who may single-handedly have invented modern discourse on Artificial Intelligence, almost twenty years ago. The cinema-goer hopes the film is as good, in its own way, as that fine book.

Enigma is a machine. A very well-designed machine. Maybe our problem is that we’re trying to beat it with men. What if only a machine can understand another machine.

The film is determinedly mannish. As the times (1939-1954) were. The women are decorous, smart in alluring ways, sometimes sexually active and most-times clerical. Their costumes are glorious. The woman cryptographer Joan Elizabeth Clarke, played marvellously by Keira Knightly, is peripheral until near the end when she manages to be in the shed, the film's significant location, with the men and the machine named Christopher. The echo with contemporary Mens' Sheds groups pleases the cinema-goer.

That’s the whole point. All this time we’ve been trying to beat the machine; but we should have been trying to beat the people who use the machine. Enigma is perfect. It’s human beings who are flawed.

This is a film full of secrets. Secrets of sexual orientation and practice, within and between genders, secrets within families, secrets of State, between States and between departments within States. Thus it is no surprise to the cinema-goer that the strongest character (the hero?) is the MI6 officer, Stewart Menzies, the secrets-meisterwho is always there, played by ace actor Mark Strong.

False jobs — pay stubs, bank accounts — will be created for you. No one can know what you really do.

The cream of contemporary London-based screen actors appear in the film. Rory Kinnear hasn't much to do as the cop who brings Turing down for indecency in 1951 and he does it well. Charles Dance harrumphs around brilliantly in a naval uniform. Mathew Goode is a star turn as handsome cad and brave sport, Hugh Alexander. Benedict Cumberbatch mixes fey with antic to good effect in playing Turing, though it all serves to present Turing as a very bold, precocious boy right up to the end, who would have his way, and stamp his foot if he had to, because he never got over the loss of his first love, his public-school mate Christopher.

I am well aware of my obligations, legal and otherwise. And I assure you that what I choose to tell or not to tell you will be entirely up to me.

And despite all the running about, as the Turing machine triumphs and the Enigma code is broken, the cinema-goer experiences a deflation as the film winds down. The scene where the MI6 officer, Menzies, tells Turing and his team to destroy everything and to go home and never speak about their work again carries no chill, simply the damp acquiescence of intelligent people. It calls out for a Julian Assange of the day, dressed in high-waisted trousers, with a floppy, side-creased hairdo and hang-dog look, to stand by the resulting bonfire, stuffing papers into his pockets and not into the flames.

No. They’re just... Normal people. Smart people. Creative people.

But this a bio-pic and it must stick to the facts of the life, as the film-makers see them. Thus, there is a lot of writing on the screen at the end, as they run out of images and dialogue. Film is shorthand in the end and writing on screen the most basic from of such shorthand.

In this case, love just lost the Germans the whole bloody war.

The cinema-goer wonders if the writing had run on would it have noted that MI6 continues to weave its devastating mysteries into all our lives; that public schools and elitist universities persist; that homosexuals still occupy less favourable positions in the world; that women, despite their best efforts, are often peripheral, even today. And that war-mongering rages on, now and into the future. That is no secret. Where is the victory for which so many lives were wasted?

Humans find violence deeply satisfying. But remove the satisfaction, and the act becomes... Hollow.

Turing's great achievement is the concept and possibility of Artificial Intelligence. The challenge is how to use intelligence; really, artificially and without secrets.

The game was obviously a very simple one.

The film is a decent, well-made mid-twentieth century costume drama of middle England's experience of World War 2, principally as a site of bureaucratic in-fighting. For a fuller treatment of Turing's life and times, it's back to Hodges' book, nicely re-packaged as a film tie-in.

It is the very people who no one else imagines anything of who do the things that no one else can imagine.

The cinema-goer smiles to think Andrew Hodges may make a few bob from his good work.











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Friday, 14 November 2014

INSTEAD OF PARKING A PROBE ON A COMET



Could scientists and engineers, for instance,

develop a cheap, widely-available and safe process to give a woman full control of her fertility at all times?

What really got me focused on cancer was when my best friend was diagnosed with breast cancer, and even though she was a well-to-do person, I found that her treatment costs were crippling. (Kiran Mazumda-Shaw)

I don't believe medical discoveries are doing much to advance human life. As fast as we create ways to extend it we are inventing ways to shorten it.
(Christaan Barnard)

or explore the depths of the ocean for the origins of water on the planet as well as a sustainable source of food and minerals?

Water is to me, I confess, a phenomenon which continually awakens new feelings of wonder as often as I view it. (Michael Faraday)

even respond to climate change realities by advancing research into de-accelerating processes and flood prevention?

I was like a boy playing on the sea-shore, and diverting myself now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me. (Isaac Newton)

consider supporting efforts to develop human scale socio-political structures of government?

The world is a dangerous place to live; not because of the people who are evil, but because of the people who don't do anything about it. (Albert Einstein)

look into designing and engineering buildings that house and shelter people, not dwarf or displace them?

A scientist in her laboratory is not a mere technician: she is also a child confronting natural phenomena that impress her as though they were fairy tales. (Marie Curie)

begin to review the concept of money and outline processes for removing the casino element in commodity trading?

The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination. (Albert Einstein)

commit to work with local people in threatened coastal regions, such as ocean atolls and Bangladesh, to secure land in advance of rising sea levels?

No sensible decision can be made any longer without taking into account not only the world as it is, but the world as it will be. (Isaac Asimov)

undertake work in some of the most wondrous places on earth to halt the activities of fracking and coal-tar oil extraction, by modelling work in forestry and environmental management that brings long-term economic benefits to the people in those places, at minimum risk to the eco-systems?

Neuroscience is exciting. Understanding how thoughts work, how connections are made, how the memory works, how we process information, how information is stored-it's all fascinating. (Lisa Randall)

fully commit to imaginative research and development in co-operative social and business processes?

In mathematics and science, there is no difference in the intelligence of men and women. The difference in genes between men and women is simply the Y chromosome, which has nothing to do with intelligence.
(Christiane Nusslein-Volhard)

en masse, withdraw immediately from work on weapons development and production and create business partnerships to turn swords into ploughshares, missiles into prosthetics, bullets into blood vessel stents and tanks into people carriers with hoists to elevate wheelchair-bound passengers?

But does that mean that war and violence are inevitable? I would argue not, because we have also evolved this amazingly sophisticated intellect, and we are capable of controlling our innate behaviour a lot of the time. (Jane Goodall)

Peace cannot be kept by force; it can only be achieved by understanding.
(Albert Einstein)









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Sunday, 9 November 2014

TO WEAR OR NOT TO WEAR: THAT IS THE QUESTION



James McClean is a young Irish professional soccer player from Derry Londonderry, making his living in England. He writes publicly to his employer to explain his reasons for not wearing a specific symbol on his team shirt.

Dear Mr Whelan,
I wanted to write to you before talking about this face to face and explain my reasons for not wearing a poppy on my shirt for the game at Bolton.

He personalises his respect for those who died in both World Wars. Perhaps in the context of the sensitive controversy he seeks to negotiate, he does not indicate the same respect for all those who died in those wars, far beyond the shores of Britain and Ireland, in uniforms other than British and in no uniforms at all. He is not alone in this. In the throes of remembrance, a great calamity of disremembering is enacted.

I have complete respect for those who fought and died in both World Wars - many I know were Irish-born. I have been told that your own Grandfather Paddy Whelan, from Tipperary, was one of those. I mourn their deaths like every other decent person and if the Poppy was a symbol only for the lost souls of World War I and II I would wear one.

No mention of the Turks, the Serbs, The Bulgars and the Germans among whose ancestors the young soccer player now plies his trade in England and across the world, when he dons shirts for his club, Wigan, and his country, The Republic of Ireland.

His country, the one he represents internationally, is The Republic of Ireland, even though he was born in The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. And therein rests the dilemma for this young working class man, wresting a living out of his physical skills, his mental strengths and his personal and cultural resolve.

For people from the North of Ireland such as myself, and specifically those in Derry, scene of the 1972 Bloody Sunday massacre, the poppy has come to mean something very different.

It is just part of who we are, ingrained into us from birth.

As is the wearing of the poppy. Try appearing on BBC television without wearing a poppy and you will experience a complex, negative and often vicious reaction. It is noticeable the degree to which the militarisation of the spectacle of football matches has increased in recent years. When did soldiers first carry trophies and other artefacts on to the pitch? Could the mayor not do that? Or the nurses from the local hospital?

Power chooses what to validate in our grand spectacles. And Power chooses symbols that validate the power relations in our society, so that we speak the language of power to ourselves. And send our sons and daughters to war once more.

Mr Whelan, for me to wear a poppy would be as much a gesture of disrespect for the innocent people who lost their lives in the Troubles – and Bloody Sunday especially - as I have in the past been accused of disrespecting the victims of WWI and WWII.

It would be seen as an act of disrespect to those people; to my people.

When did players first start wearing poppies on their shirts? Did it coincide with recent wars in the East? And how do we extend the range of people who we language as 'my people'? The people who we know as 'us'?

I am not a war monger, or anti-British, or a terrorist or any of the accusations levelled at me in the past. I am a peaceful guy, I believe everyone should live side by side, whatever their religious or political beliefs which I respect and ask for people to respect mine in return. Since last year, I am a father and I want my daughter to grow up in a peaceful world, like any parent.

Do the small actions of one young man make a difference? It is complex and highly sensitive. And for the record, James McClean's team, Wigan, were thumped 3-1 by Bolton. He came on as a substitute in the 58th minute and was booked in the 86th. Frustrating afternoon all round? Not for Bolton fans.

I am very proud of where I come from and I just cannot do something that I believe is wrong. In life, if you’re a man you should stand up for what you believe in.

The world does not speak. Only we do. The world can, once we have programmed ourselves with a language, cause us to hold beliefs. But it cannot propose a language for us to speak. Only other human beings can do that.



http://www.derrynow.com/article/6557
Contingency, irony and solidarity: Richard Rorty; book, Cambridge University Press; Cambridge; 1989
http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/29844395





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